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"The Human Species Will One Day Migrate To A Parallel Universe" -- Michio Kaku

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Like many physicists, Michio Kaku thinks our universe will end in a "big freeze." However, unlike many physicists, he thinks we might be able to avoid this fate by slipping into a parallel universe.

One of the most fascinating discoveries of our new century may be imminent if the Large Hadron Collider outside Geneva produces nano-blackholes when it goes live again. According to the best current physics, such nano-blackholes could not be produced with the energy levels the LHC can generate, but could only come into being if a parallel universe were providing extra gravitational input.

Versions of multiverse theory suggest that there is at least one other universe very close to our own, perhaps only a millimeter away. This makes it possible that some of the effects, especially gravity, "leak through," which could be responsible for the production of dark energy and dark matter that make up 96% of the universe.

"The multiverse is no longer a model, it is a consequence of our models," says Aurelien Barrau, particle physicist at CERN

While it hasn’t been proven yet, many highly respected and credible scientists are now saying there’s reason to believe that parallel dimensions could very well be more than figments of our imaginations.

"The idea of multiple universes is more than a fantastic invention—it appears naturally within several scientific theories, and deserves to be taken seriously," stated Aurelien Barrau, a French particle physicist at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN).

There are a variety of competing theories based on the idea of parallel universes, but the most basic idea is that if the universe is infinite, then everything that could possibly occur has happened, is happening, or will happen.

According to quantum mechanics, nothing at the subatomic scale can really be said to exist until it is observed. Until then, particles occupy uncertain "superposition" states, in which they can have simultaneous "up" and "down" spins, or appear to be in different places at the same time. The mere act of observing somehow appears to "nail down" a particular state of reality. Scientists don’t yet have a perfect explanation for how it occurs, but that hasn’t changed the fact that the phenomenon does occur.

Unobserved particles are described by "wave functions" representing a set of multiple "probable" states. When an observer makes a measurement, the particle then settles down into one of these multiple options, which is somewhat how the multiple universe theory can be explained.

The existence of such a parallel universe "does not even assume speculative modern physics, merely that space is infinite and rather uniformly filled with matter as indicated by recent astronomical observations," Max Tegmark, a cosmologist at MIT in Boston, Massachusetts concluded in a study of parallel universes published by Cambridge University.

Mathematician Hugh Everett published landmark paper in 1957 while still a graduate student at Princeton University. In this paper he showed how quantum theory predicts that a single classical reality will gradually split into separate, but simultaneously existing realms.

"This is simply a way of trusting strictly the fundamental equations of quantum mechanics," says Barrau. "The worlds are not spatially separated, but exist as kinds of 'parallel' universes."

Partly because the idea is so uncomfortably strange, it’s dismissed as sci-fi by many critics. But there are also many credible, respected proponents of the theory—a group that is continuously gaining new adherents as new research unveils new evidence. Some Oxford research—for the first time—recently found a mathematical answer that sweeps away one of the key objections to the controversial idea. Their research shows that Everett was indeed on the right track when he came up with his multiverse theory. The Oxford team, led by Dr David Deutsch, showed mathematically that the bush-like branching structure created by the universe splitting into parallel versions of itself can explain the probabilistic nature of quantum outcomes.

The work has another strange implication. The idea of parallel universes would apparently side-step one of the key complaints with time travel. Every since it was given serious credibility in 1949 by the great logician Kurt Godel, many eminent physicists have argued against time travel because it undermines ideas of cause and effect. An example would be the famous “grandfather paradox” where a time traveler goes back to kill his grandfather so that he is never born in the first place.

But if parallel worlds do exist, there is a way around these troublesome paradoxes. Deutsch argues that time travel shifts happen between different branches of reality. The mathematical breakthrough bolsters his claim that quantum theory does not forbid time travel. "It does sidestep it. You go into another universe," he said. But he admits that there will be a lot of work to do before we can manipulate space-time in a way that makes “hops” possible. While it may sound fanciful, Deutsch says that scientific research is continually making the theory more believable.

"Many sci-fi authors suggested time travel paradoxes would be solved by parallel universes but in my work, that conclusion is deduced from quantum theory itself."

The borderline between physics and metaphysics is not defined by whether an entity can be observed, but whether it is testable, insists Tegmark.

He points to phenomena such as black holes, curved space, the slowing of time at high speeds, even a round Earth, which were all once rejected as scientific heresy before being proven through experimentation, even though some remain beyond the grasp of observation. It is likely, Tegmark concludes that multiverse models grounded in modern physics will eventually be empirically testable, predictive and disprovable.

Michio Kaku’s Biggest Predictions About the Future

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Dr. Michio Kaku is a theoretical physicist, futurist, and popular science communicator. He’s also the author of “Physics of the Impossible,” has hosted radio programs and television specials on the BBC, the Discovery Channel, the History Channel, and the Science Channel, and most notably, is a co-founder of string field theory (a branch of string theory).

While he also does speaking engagements, many who are familiar with Kaku’s work have the internet to thank. He’s a frequent face on the Big Think YouTube channel and uses social media to bring the complex web of physics to the public in an educational and entertaining way.

While Kaku does not have a time machine, his understanding of physics and our place in the universe has given him a unique perspective on our past, present, and ultimately, our future. To the latter point, he’s had plenty of interesting things to say. Here are some of Kaku’s predictions about the future.

In about ten years or so, we will see the collapse of Moore's Law – In the future, we will tweak it — http://t.co/qjbTfIAy via @Techland — Dr. Michio Kaku (@michiokaku) May 3, 2012

In December of 2016, Kaku made several predictions about the future, projecting five, 10, and even as far as 20 years ahead. His predictions and statements are derived both from his knowledge as a physicist and his interest in studying what might, or could, be.

Dr. Kaku kicked off 2017 by reminding everyone about the importance of science to human prosperity, as well as the integral role simple curiosity plays in scientific advancement. This sentiment echoes the idea that many brilliant ideas begin because our curiosities have been piqued. As a result, we ask a question and in our attempts to answer it, make discoveries along the way.

Happy new year to all!! Live long and prosper. Remember, science is the engine of prosperity. And the engine's rocket fuel is curiosity.
— Dr. Michio Kaku (@michiokaku) January 2, 2017

As part of the National Geographic series Year Million, Kaku explored what human life might look like one million years from now. The series showcases the expertise and opinions of scientists, science fiction writers, futurists, and scholars. Together with these experts, Dr. Kaku images what might be in Year Million — that is, if humans survive that long.

As a theoretical physicist, Dr. Kaku used the groundbreaking observation of gravitational waves to explore the future of astronomy.

Einstein would be proud of this discovery of gravity waves. If gravity waves WERE NOT found, them much of modern physics would collapse.
— Dr. Michio Kaku (@michiokaku) February 11, 2016

Dr. Kaku has, at times, even questioned reality. Last year he wove physics observations and theories into a discussion about not only where we stand as humans in the universe, but what might we define as reality going forward.

Dr. Kaku’s predictions aren’t always theoretical, though. Last spring he used the instance of a nearby asteroid to discuss the possibility of asteroids greatly impacting life on Earth in the future.

More recently, Kaku made predictions about when we’ll confirm the existence of extraterrestrial life. His statements were in reference to a New York Times piece about a top-secret UFO program at the Pentagon. Kaku predicted we may not discover extraterrestrial life when or where we expect to, and that in such strange circumstances, it will be essential to keep an open mind. A sentiment that’s surely true for all areas of science.

Are UFOs chasing our jet fighters, as recent secret documents suggest? Maybe they are experimental hypersonic drones. Or maybe aliens from outer space? I keep an open mind.
— Dr. Michio Kaku (@michiokaku) December 25, 2017

From the potential destruction of Earth by an asteroid to the possibility of finally connecting with extraterrestrial life, Kaku’s predictions aren’t as wild as they may seem at first. They’re based on hard science and the most recent observations and understandings we have about our universe.

Kaku, nor anyone, can predict the future certainly. The best that he, or any of us, can do is take current information about science, the universe, and humanity, and figure out how all of these variables interact. Then, we can imagine a well-informed and comprehensive prediction about the future.

There is one thing Kaku is sure about, however: that climate change is a real threat to life on Earth, not just in terms of our future, but today. And that we can take action right now to make sure we reach that future, whatever it may hold.

References: Michio Kaku, Speakers Connect

Article was originally published on Futurism.

Watch Michio Kaku Explain The 11 Dimensions Of The Multiverse

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Theoretical physicist Michio Kaku has initiated the conversation as to why other universes in the multiverse could have many more dimensions, and has spoken out on the multiverse having 11 dimensions. Though merely theory, as has yet to be proven, it is an interesting one to reflect on nonetheless.

What exactly IS the multiverse?

The multiverse is the hypothetical set of possible universes, including the universe which we live in. Together, these universes comprise everything that exists: the entirety of space, time, matter, energy, and the physical laws and constants that describe them.

If we were, hypothetically, a mere fragment of a multitude of universes in which many dimensions existed, what does that say about our present perception of reality? How can we go about looking at this deeper and further understanding what this could mean for us as humans, a collective and our planet?

Michio Kaku states: We believe, though we cannot yet prove, that our multiverse of universes is 11-dimensional. So think of this 11-dimensional arena and in this arena there are bubbles, bubbles that float and the skin of the bubble represents an entire universe, so we’re like flies trapped on fly paper. We’re on the skin of a bubble. It’s a three dimensional bubble.

The three dimensional bubble is expanding and that is called the Big Bang theory and sometimes these bubbles can bump into each other, sometimes they can split apart and that we think is the Big Bang. So we even have a theory of the Big Bang itself. Now you ask a question what about the dimensions of each bubble. Well in string theory—which is what I do for a living; that’s my day job—In string theory we can have bubbles of different dimensions.

The highest dimension is 11. You cannot go beyond 11 because universes become unstable beyond 11. If I write down the theory of a 13-, 15-dimensional universe it’s unstable and it collapses down to an 11-dimensional universe. But within 11 dimensions you can have bubbles that are 3 dimensional, 4-dimensional, 5-dimensional.

These are membranes, so for short we call them brains. So these brains can exist in different dimensions and let’s say P represents the dimension of each bubble, so we call them p-brains.

So a p-brain is a universe in different dimensions floating in a much larger arena, and this larger arena is the hyperspace that I talked about originally. Also remember that each bubble vibrates, and each bubble vibrating creates music. The music of these membranes is the subatomic particles.

Each subatomic particle represents a note on a vibrating string or vibrating membranes. So, believe it or not, we now have a candidate for the “Mind of God” that Albert Einstein wrote about for the last 30 years of his life. The “Mind of God” in this picture would be cosmic music resonating throughout 11-dimensional hyperspace.”

Michio Kaku: "Star Trek-Style Teleportation IS Possible And We Could Be Beaming To Other Planets Within Decades"

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Star Trek is by now said to have encouraged a whole host of current devices from the iPad to the holodeck's 'virtual reality'. Now a very famous theoretical physicist says that even its teleporter is technically very much possible, and it could become an actuality before the end of the century. Professor Michio Kaku said that the several breakthroughs required to transport humans rapidly have already been made, and it's not far when we will be 'beaming' across the cosmos. Michio Kaku is a professor at City University in New York. Dr .Michio Kaku said “You know the expression "Beam me up Scotty"? We used to laugh at it. We used to laugh when someone talked about teleportation, but we don't laugh anymore. Quantum teleportation already exists [and] I think within a decade we will teleport the first molecule.”

He also said that, as humans we have already achieved this at an atomic level, reports The Express. The phenomenon is called quantum entanglement and it permits links to be made between atoms, with their information being directed to others further away. In particular, the entangled particles are linked in such a way that the action of one openly affects the others, even if they're parted over huge distances. Albert Einstein himself called this 'spooky action at a distance.' Earlier studies have revealed atoms teleporting through a room, and light being teleported through the Danube River in Austria. Last year, physicists at the University of Geneva achieved teleportation by teleporting the quantum state of a photon to a crystal over 25 km (15 miles) of optical fiber.

The experiment broke the previous record of 6km (4miles) achieved 10 years ago by the same group. Once researchers have effectively teleported molecules, Dr. Kaku considers it as the next step will be to send photons to a lunar base before testing with bigger objects, animals and ultimately humans.

During a new Big Think interview, Dr Kaku said; “In the coming years we do expect to be able to teleport molecules, maybe water and carbon dioxide. After that, who knows? Maybe even DNA.” Though, critics have debated that there are way too many atoms in the human body to interpret into physical data, then teleport and then reposition in order.

There is also the dispute that in order to transport a living object, it would have to commendably die and come back to life when the atoms are shattered down and reconstructed.

Dr. Kaku said that although teleportation is actually possible, it does come with a set of decent problems that would need to be solved.

Watch Michio Kaku Explain The 11 Dimensions Of The Multiverse

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