Sinister Security: Health and Medicine

Leading Scientist Warns There's An Apocalypse Coming, And It's Not The One You Expect

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A top scientist has called for a global effort to stop the rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, warning that if we don't act now 10 million people could die a year from drug-resistant diseases. Professor Dame Sally Davies, the UK's Chief Medical Officer, has warned that without swift global action we could see the "end of modern medicine" as our antibiotics become useless against drug-resistant strains of bacteria.

Currently, in America alone, at least 2 million people are infected with antibiotic-resistant bacteria, and at least 23,000 people die each year as a direct result, according to the Center for Disease Control.

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Globally this number is around 700,000. Prof Davies, speaking ahead of a global meeting of health chiefs to reveal a new project mapping the spread of death and disease from drug-resistant superbugs, warned that over the next 30 years this could increase to over 10 million, as more bacteria become resistant to antibiotics.

“We really are facing, if we don’t take action now, a dreadful post-antibiotic apocalypse,” Davies told the conference in Berlin. “I don’t want to say to my children that I didn’t do my best to protect them and their children.”

She will launch a campaign in the UK later this month calling on patients not to demand antibiotics from their doctors. She said that patients think that doctors are being "mean" when they refuse to prescribe antibiotics, when really they are attempting to prescribe less in part of a global effort to prevent new strains of drug-resistant bacteria evolving.

“Research has found that often [the public] think doctors are trying to save money," she said at the conference, the Telegraph reported. "When in fact they are trying to save the drugs, so that they work when they are actually needed.”

Dame Davies warned that the drugs are often given to pushy patients for colds and viruses, even though antibiotics do not help to cure viruses. Drug-resistant superbugs are becoming a bigger problem, and she urged the world to take action, saying thus far it had been “far too slow” to act.

“This antimicrobial resistance is with us now, killing people,” Davies said. “It will only get worse unless we take strong action everywhere across the globe. We need some real work on the ground to make a difference or we risk the end of modern medicine.”

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7 Of the Filthiest Things You Touch All the Time

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One of the first things we learn as kids is that it’s important to wash our hands. Handwashing helps prevent disease spread. It can keep an office running instead of shutting it down due to a viral illness. It’s especially important to wash your hands if you are interacting with newborn children or potentially vulnerable elderly adults.

But we don’t always appreciate the reason why handwashing is so important: we touch a shocking number of filthy surfaces every single day. Here are some of the most surprisingly dirty things we come into contact with on a regular basis.

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The kitchen sponge:

It turns out that the thing you use to wash your dishes is teeming with bacteria. In fact, many microbiologists identify it as the dirtiest single item in your household (far, far dirtier than your toilet seat).

Sponges, which are often warm, wet, and have traces of food on them, are ideal breeding grounds for bacteria. One NSF (formerly, the National Sanitation Foundation) study found that more than 75% of sponges were contaminated with coliform bacteria, which indicates faecal contamination and from the same family as Salmonella and E. coli. Campylobacter, the biggest cause of foodborne illness in the US, is also commonly found on sponges.

Tierno recommends using bleach to clean your sponge.

That dish towel you just used to dry your hands:

Knowing that your sponge is dirty, you might be inclined to wash your hands after doing the dishes. That's wise!

But unfortunately, reaching to grab the dish towel that you keep by the sink might undo some of the good you did by washing your hands in the first place. Dish towels frequently have the same issues as sponges, since they're also damp, warm, and come into contact with food particles. One study found E coli. on more than 25% of dish towels, putting them firmly into competition with sponges. Wash them after two days of use.

That cosy bed:

The fact that your kitchen and phone are so dirty might make you want to bury your face into your bedsheets. But when did you wash them last?

Beds share many of the same characteristics that bacteria love. Humans sweat a lot, so they're wet and warm -- ideal for bacteria and for fungal growth. And our skin particles rub off onto our sheets along with everything we've come into contact with during the day. The result is enough to make a germaphobe wince. Wash your sheets once a week or so, say experts.

The handles of that grocery cart:

Your grocery cart is perfect for holding your produce, children, and E. coli. It turns out that when people walk around the grocery store -- with potentially unwashed hands -- grabbing food, including wrapped up raw meat and whatever else catches their eyes, they can transfer some unsavoury bacteria from their hands to the cart and vice-versa.

One small survey found bacteria like E. coli on more than half of carts, which the authors say could be responsible for outbreaks of food poisoning among children who ride in carts.

Take care when opening doors:

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Hopefully a theme is becoming clear. Things that you and many other people touch frequently with their hands quickly become hotbeds of bacteria, especially if they're not wiped down regularly.

Doorknobs are no exception. Some research has found tons of potential pathogens on doorknobs, other research much less, but either way, it doesn't take a lot to get sick. One microbiologist found that after placing a virus on an office door push panel, it took only four hours for more than half of people in that office to pick it up -- and that virus made its way to over half of commonly touched office surfaces in same span of time.

Toothbrush holders:

Your toothbrush goes in your mouth and then back into some sort of holder on the sick. At the same time, that bathroom air is full of whatever your toilet kicks up with a flush. That little toothbrush holder, it turns out, is perfect at picking up whatever bacteria is around.

One survey found staph bacteria on 14% of toothbrush holders and yeast or mould on 64%. Clean those containers.

Wash your hands:

Potentially pathogenic bacteria are clearly everywhere, which might sound terrifying. After all, there are tons of items that could be on this list but aren't (hotel remote controls are reportedly disgusting). But clearly, we're not all sick all the time. We don't always get sick when we come into contact with pathogens. It depends on the specific bacteria or virus, whether or not it gets into our bodies, and our immune system.

And there's a lot we can do to prevent the spread of illness. Employees should feel comfortable staying home from work while sick. Remember to clean surfaces that are touched frequently or that just might be neglected regularly. Wash towels and sheets more than you think.

And of course, wash your hands.

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‘No Reason’ For Marijuana to Be Illegal, Says Neil deGrasse Tyson

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Astrophysicist Neil deGrasse Tyson, among the most well-known living scientists this side of Stephen Hawking, said this week that “there's no reason for [marijuana] to ever have been made illegal.”

The remark came in response to a question submitted by Tom Angell of the pro-legalization group Marijuana Majority. Angell asked Tyson if he agreed with astrophysicist Carl Sagan that marijuana should be legalized.

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“If you really analyze it,” Tyson said, “relative to other things that are legal, there’s no reason for it to ever have been made illegal in the system of laws.”

“That is extremely rational, which I expect from you, and you're absolutely right,” replied host Chuck Nice.

“Alcohol is legal,” Tyson added, “and it can mess you up way more than smoking a few J's.”

Nice then spent several minutes ribbing Tyson over his archaic choice of marijuana slang.

“The last time I was like, in a cloud of it? That's how people spoke,” Tyson said.

Tyson has in many ways followed the late Carl Sagan's footsteps in becoming a well-known evangelist for space science and the scientific method more broadly. Sagan, most famous for the television series “Cosmos” (which Tyson later rebooted), was a lifelong marijuana user who wrote extensively — albeit privately — about what he saw as the benefits of the drug.

“The illegality of cannabis is outrageous,” Sagan wrote in an anonymous essay for the 1971 book “Marihuana Reconsidered,” “an impediment to full utilization of a drug which helps produce the serenity and insight, sensitivity and fellowship so desperately needed in this increasingly mad and dangerous world.”

Tyson has been more circumspect on the merits of drug use, at least publicly. “I don't count myself among active recreational drug users,” Tyson said in a 2015 Reddit AMA. “For me, the least altered state of awareness I can achieve is the one I seek, because that one is most likely to be closest to reality.”

J's and altered states aside, Tyson's argument against prohibition is on fairly sound scientific footing: Public health experts generally agree that relative to alcohol, marijuana is less-habit forming, less toxic to the human body, less of an impairment to driving and much less linked to violent behavior. President Richard Nixon placed the drug in the most restrictive category of federal prohibition in 1972, overruling the recommendation of his own marijuana task force, which argued that the drug wasn't particularly dangerous and shouldn't be federally prohibited.

Tyson's remarks were also similar to ones by President Barack Obama in 2014. “I don’t think [marijuana] is more dangerous than alcohol,” he told the New Yorker. “As has been well documented, I smoked pot as a kid, and I view it as a bad habit and a vice, not very different from the cigarettes that I smoked as a young person up through a big chunk of my adult life.”

An August Quinnipiac poll found that more than 61 percent of Americans now say marijuana should be legal, 94 percent support the medical use of marijuana, and fully three-quarters oppose the federal government enforcing marijuana laws in states that have legalized it.

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A British Women Has the Ability to See an Incredible 99 Million More Color than Us

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After more than 25 years of searching, neuroscientists in the UK recently announced that they’ve discovered a woman who has an extra type of cone cell — the receptor cells that detect color — in her eyes.

According to estimates, that means she can see an incredible 99 million more colors than the rest of us, and the scientists think she’s just one of a number of people with super-vision, which they call “tetrachromats”, living amongst us. Most humans are trichromats, which means we have three types of cone cells in our eyes.

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Each type of cone cell is thought to be able to distinguish around 100 shades, so when you factor in all the possible combinations of these three cone cells combined, it means we can distinguish around 1 million different colors. Most people who are color blind only have two functioning types of cone cells, which is why they can only see around 10,000 shades — and almost all other mammals, including dogs and New World monkeys, are also dichromats.

But there’s one doctor in northern England who has four cone cell types, taking the potential number of colors she can distinguish up to 100 million — colors most of us have never even dreamed of. Identified only as cDa29, the scientists finally found this woman two years ago, but they’ve been searching for more than 25 years — and think there are more tetrachromats like her out there.

So how do you get a fourth type of cone cell?

The idea of tetrachromats was first suggested back in 1948 by Dutch scientist HL de Vries, who discovered something interesting about the eyes of color blind people. While color blind men only possess two normal cone cells and one mutant cone that’s less sensitive to either green or red light, he showed that the mothers and daughters of color blind men had one mutant cone and three normal cones.

That meant they had four types of cone cells, even though only three were working normally — something that was unheard of before then. Despite the significance of the finding, no one paid much attention to tetrachromats until the late ’80s, when John Mollon from Cambridge University started searching for women who might have four functioning cone cells.

Assuming that color blind men pass this fourth cone cell onto their daughters, Mollon estimated that around 12 percent of the female population should be tetrachromats. But all of his tests showed that these women could only perceive the same colours as the rest of us — which meant only three of their cone cell types were working, so they weren’t true tetrachromats.

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Then, in 2007, neuroscientist Gabriele Jordan from Newcastle University in the UK, who had formerly worked alongside Mollon, decided to try a slightly different test to look for this super-vision. She took 25 women who had a fourth type of cone cell, and put them in a dark room. Looking into a light device, three colored circles of light flashed before these women’s eyes.

To a trichromat, they all looked the same, but Jordan hypothesized that a true tetrachromat would be able to tell them apart thanks to the extra subtlety afforded to her by her fourth cone. Incredibly, one of the women tested, cDa29, was able to differentiate the three different colored circles in every single test.

“I was jumping up and down,” Jordan told Veronique Greenwood from Discover magazine.

So if so many female children of color blind men have four cones, why have we only been able to find one true tetrachromat?

For starters, the team was only looking within the UK. But the bigger issue that Jordan thinks most true tetrachromats would never need to use their fourth cone cell type, and so would never realize they had special vision.

“We now know tetrachromacy exists,” she told Greenwood. “But we don’t know what allows someone to become functionally tetrachromatic, when most four-coned women aren’t.”

Jay Neitz, a vision researcher at the University of Washington, who wasn’t involved in the study, thinks that it might take practice and specially designed hues to truly unlock the power of tetrachromats.

“Most of the things that we see as colored are manufactured by people who are trying to make colors that work for trichromats,” he said. “It could be that our whole world is tuned to the world of the trichromat.”

In other words, the colors we use are so limited that the fourth cone cell never gets a work out. The research on cDa29 hasn’t been peer-reviewed or published as yet, and Jordan is continuing her research and search for more tetrachromats.

There’s a lot more work to be done and Jordan’s results need to be replicated and verified. But if we can confirm that tetrachromats really do exist, it won’t just teach us about the limitations of human senses, it could help scientists develop better artificial sensing devices, and also help us figure out more about how vision works.

One thing we might never be able to understand, sadly, is exactly what the world looks like through cDa29’s eyes, seeing as it’s our brains that truly perceive color — our cone cells just receive the data to be processed.

“This private perception is what everybody is curious about,” Jordan told Discover. “I would love to see that.”

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Scientists Assert That Ultra-Heavy Blankets Actually Reduce Stress and Anxiety

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Today, we are healing and augmenting the human body in ways that science fiction writers used to dream about. However, we still have a long way to go. In the United States alone, roughly 10% of the population is affected by a sleep disorder, and a staggering 18% of the population lives with an anxiety disorder. More than 11 million people suffer from ADHD. And this is just the beginning of the problem.

Fortunately, there is a solution that you can use today while scientists continue to work on the cures of tomorrow.

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It’s called proprioceptive input (also known as “deep touch pressure stimulation”). It works by activating pressure points across your body. This relaxes the nervous system by increasing serotonin and melatonin levels while decreasing cortisol levels. In this respect, research into proprioceptive input shows that deep pressure stimulation produces a calming influence—one that decreases stress, improves sleep, and boosts mental health.

One of the most effective ways of getting this proprioceptive input? A weighted blanket.

Harnessing the Power of Gravity

For decades, weighted blankets have been used by individuals in the medical community in order to reduce stress and anxiety (and to assist individuals with ailments such as autism, MS, and PTSD). In fact, in an interview with Futurism, Amber Martin, an occupational therapist with a M.S. degree from Utica College, noted that deep pressure stimulation is the most effective method of assisting individuals in her therapy sessions.

She adds that deep pressure stimulation isn’t useful in just therapy sessions. As Martin notes, “proprioceptive input is good for pretty much everyone and anyone. It can be very calming and organizing.”

Ultimately, the weighted blankets use crafted poly pellets to target pressure points throughout your body that induce the release of serotonin, which assists with stress reduction and improves sleep and relaxation. The blankets can also be custom tailored to each individual, so you can select a blanket that is designed specifically for your body type.

You can learn more about the science behind proprioceptive input here and order a weighted blanket here.

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Swiss Scientists Just 3D Printed an Artificial Heart That Beats Like the Real Thing

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The dream of technologists is to one day be capable of 3D printing functioning organs ready for transplant. Right now, that dream is still pretty for off from becoming reality. That means that most current research in this domain is limited to the production of lab-grown capillaries for implantation in 3D-printed tissues, or getting 3D bioprinted human cartilage to grow inside mice.

A new project at Switzerland’s ETH Zurich is going physically bigger than that, though. What scientists there have developed is a functional beating heart — made of silicone, using a 3D printed mold — which represents one of the most advanced replicas yet created of one of our most important organs. While not a biological replica of the actual heart, the idea is that it could be used as an artificial heart in scenarios such as when a patient is awaiting a heart transplant.

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“I met with a heart surgeon, Professor Volkmar Falk, now head of the largest heart surgery clinic in Europe, at the Charité [teaching hospital] in Berlin. He asked me if we could think about a new artificial heart. I had no clue at first. Then we learned that current heart support machines are made of hard materials like steel or titanium and plastic. When a patient receives such a hard device, its blood tends to make clumps — so the patient is given a so-called ‘anticoagulant,’ a drug that reduces blood clot formation.” Wendelin Stark, professor at the Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering at ETH Zurich, told Digital Trends.

Stark said that, despite everyone’s best efforts, the result can mean serious problems for patients — ranging from strokes to lung problems to intestinal bleeding.

“It was astonishing to find out that the anticoagulation therapy was the largest single cause of problems in patients with heart implants. We realized that a soft implant might allow this to work without such blood-thinning agents.” he continued.

Because of Stark’s history with 3D printing, his team decided to make a 3D-printed mold, which could then be used to create a silicon rubber heart.

“We used the mold to make silicon soft pumps, and optimized the design to fit a human heart-type pumping pattern. We teamed up with Mirko Mebolt, a mechanical engineer, and tested the prototype against a human-like blood flow resistance.” he said.

The current model is promising, but not yet stable enough to be used in an actual patient. At present, it only works for several thousand beats, lasting around 30 to 45 minutes. Over time, Stark said the plan is to develop a model which could conceivably work over a period of years.

That, to use the technical term, is what might be known as a “game-changer.”

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Why Men Should Masturbate 21 Times A Month According To Science

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Calling all men – we have good news! Whilst it may seem hard to believe, masturbating frequently may actually result in a significantly lower risk of prostate cancer. Tragic news, I know. Researchers from Harvard University released a recent study, published in European Urology, that suggests men who climax 21 times or more per month may have their chances of prostate cancer slashed by up to a third.

The study consists of a questionnaire given to 31,925 men over an 18-year period, with ejaculation frequency determined the year before questionnaire distribution, and between the ages of 20-29, as well as 40-49. The study appears to show a statistically significant reduction in prostate cancer cases when the men masturbate frequently.

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Previous studies have suggested that an active sex life may help to lower one's risk of cancer, but now the golden number of orgasms per month has been suggested by these researchers. It is currently unconfirmed why, but some scientists believe a successful orgasm may flush out cancer-determining toxins that build up in the prostate.

Around one in seven men will experience prostate cancer in the US during their lifetime. Last year alone, there were 161,360 people diagnosed – out of those, nearly 27,000 died. The risk severely increases over the age of 65, with over 85 percent of cases being diagnosed in this age range.

Luckily, the survival rate of those with prostate cancer is relatively high compared to other cancers, and depending on the stage of cancer, the treatment varies from non-invasive to surgery. Radiotherapy and surgery (radical prostatectomy) are available for localized tumors, but the treatment can leave you with life-changing effects, such as incontinence (inability to control urination) and impotence (inability to gain an erection).

In light of these potential side-effects, it is a far better option to prevent the development of the tumor than to suffer the post-diagnosis treatments. This research aims to improve lifestyles with the goal of reducing the risk – prevention is better than a cure, after all. Unfortunately, you can’t simply masturbate a lot and expect to be fine. A healthy diet, exercise, and regular checkups with a GP/doctor all significantly reduce your risk too, and it is recommended that you combine all of these to be as healthy as possible.

So go ahead gentlemen, do your thing – for your health, of course.

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This Is How Your Brain Works

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The CDC Just Had To Issue A Warning Telling People Not To Eat A Part Of Their Own Body

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There's a rather strange fad amongst celebrities to eat your own placenta after you give birth. Kim and Kourtney Kardashian did it. X-Men: First Class actress January Jones did it.

Despite the fact that there is no evidence that eating your placenta has any health benefits, the idea has gone bizarrely mainstream, with plenty of people on YouTube posting videos of how to prepare placenta, cook placenta, or even turn it into a milkshake.

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There are even men out there who've made placenta tacos, and a recipe book titled 25 Placenta Recipes - Easy and Delicious Recipes for Cooking with Placenta! that has fairly good reviews available on Amazon.

For those people who would like to consume their placenta, without having to follow any recipes, there are also companies out there that will turn human placenta into capsules. You can then take it (again, for no apparent medical benefit) in a convenient pill form.

However, a report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has now suggested that not only is eating your placenta pointless, it may also be dangerous for your child. In the report, the CDC says that health officials believe placenta capsules may have caused an infection in a baby in Portland, Oregon.

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The mother had her placenta turned into pills by a firm she believed to be safe. To do this they take placenta, clean and dehydrate it, and then grind it down before putting it into capsules. However, after she had been taking the capsules, her child fell ill. Doctors couldn't work out what was wrong with the child until they were informed the mother had requested her placenta at birth.

The capsules were tested, and were found to contain infectious bacteria within the placenta itself. The CDC believes that the company may not have heated the placenta enough to kill off the germs, before they shipped them back to the mother.

Thankfully, the child survived after receiving antibiotics, but the CDC has gone as far as warning that there are no health benefits to eating your own placenta. In fact, they suggest you should avoid placenta capsules altogether.

"Placenta ingestion has recently been promoted to postpartum women for its physical and psychological benefits, although scientific evidence to support this is lacking," the center warns in its report. They point out, “No standards exist for processing placenta for consumption," meaning there are no regulations to ensure saftey. The placenta encapsulation process does not per se eradicate infectious pathogens; thus, placenta capsule ingestion should be avoided."

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Humans Could Be Vaccinated Against Heroin, After Successful Trials In Monkeys

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A vaccine that could be used to treat heroin addicts could be on the way, after successful trials in primates. The vaccine, which has been developed at the Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), blocks the "high" of heroin, and has been shown to be effective up to eight months after being administered.

This is the first vaccine against an opioid to pass this stage of testing, and the researchers hope that they will now be approved to move on to clinical testing.

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It works by teaching the immune system to produce antibodies against heroin, and the psychoactive products within it that cause the high users experience. The vaccine does this by exposing the immune system to part of the heroin molecule's structure.

Then when heroin is next introduced into the system, the newly created antibodies will target it, neutralizing the heroin molecules. Users (in this trial, rhesus monkeys) don't feel the euphoria from heroin, because the heroin molecules are blocked before they can reach the brain.

“This validates our previous rodent data and positions our vaccine in a favorable light for anticipated clinical evaluation,” study leader Kim Janda said in a statement. “We believe this vaccine candidate will prove safe for human trials."

The hope for the vaccine is that it can be used to treat heroin addicts, by removing the high they get from the drug, and their motivation for taking the drug at all. This could help prevent relapses in addicts recovering from addiction.

The trial saw rhesus monkeys being injected with the vaccine, before being given doses of heroin. The researchers found that four of the monkeys that were given three doses of the vaccine had an effective immune response, which could neutralize various doses of heroin. The vaccine was found to be most effective in the first month after vaccination, but the effect could last for over eight months.

Two of the four monkeys tested had been pre-vaccinated with the same vaccine in a previous study, seven months prior to this one. Raising hopes of an effective long-term vaccine for heroin, these two monkeys showed a much higher response to the vaccine in this second round of experiments. If this effect is replicated in humans, this could mean that heroin addicts could be given long-term immunity to heroin, helping with their recovery.

This research, which was published in the Journal of the American Chemical Society, looked at heroin only, and wouldn't be effective against other opioids. However the same logic can be applied, and a previous study by TSRI showed that a vaccine for "designer drug" Fentanyl was effective in mice.

The next step for the team will be to license the vaccine to an outside company for partnering in clinical trials.

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Researchers Have Developed Colour-Changing Tattoo Ink That Monitors Your Health in Real Time

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Having type 1 or 2 diabetes requires a person to always know what their blood sugar levels are. This normally takes time and can be quite invasive – normally people prick their finger with a special device and place a small drop of blood on a testing strip. Others have a device implanted just under their skin that continuously measures their blood sugar levels and sends the information to an external device.

A team of researchers at Harvard and MIT have now come up with a rather curious alternative. Using a specialized ink, they have come up with a biosensing tattoo, one that will change color depending on your blood sugar levels.

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Known as DermalAbyss ink – currently still in the proof-of-concept stage and not available to the general public – it is able to track pH levels, as well as sodium and glucose concentrations within your bloodstream. Too much glucose and the ink becomes brown. Too much sodium and it becomes green (under UV light, at least). Purples and pinks indicate a changing pH level.

“The DermalAbyss ink presents a novel approach to biointerfaces in which the body’s surface is rendered as an interactive display,” the team explain in a promotional video.

The dynamic ink isn’t directly hooked up to your bloodstream, to be fair; it’s actually monitoring your interstitial fluid, a substance that surrounds the tissue cells of animals. Water, ions and small solutes – including salts, sugars, fatty and amino acids and hormones – are constantly making their way through this fluid across the walls of your capillaries.

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At present, it’s only been tested on pig skin, which is very similar to our own. However, it definitely works – but human trials are still required to see if it’s workable with patients. Are there any allergic reactions that people may have to the ink? Will the technology break down over time?

Still, it’s safe to say that this is a rather novel and elegant solution to a problem that hasn’t really been addressed for some time. Only time will tell if it catches on. It’s still invasive, of course – but only at first, whereupon it then just becomes a part of your biology.

The researchers point out that the tattoo can take any shape or form you like, so each persons will be unique to them – much like conventional tattoos.

“We envision new participation between the biotech companies and skin professionals…in order to embrace the idea of human device symbiosis,” they conclude.

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Sinister Security

Leading Scientist Warns There's An Apocalypse Coming, And It's Not The One You Expect

7 Of the Filthiest Things You Touch All the Time

The kitchen sponge:

That dish towel you just used to dry your hands:

That cosy bed:

The handles of that grocery cart:

Take care when opening doors:

Toothbrush holders:

Wash your hands:

‘No Reason’ For Marijuana to Be Illegal, Says Neil deGrasse Tyson

A British Women Has the Ability to See an Incredible 99 Million More Color than Us

So how do you get a fourth type of cone cell?

Scientists Assert That Ultra-Heavy Blankets Actually Reduce Stress and Anxiety

Harnessing the Power of Gravity

Swiss Scientists Just 3D Printed an Artificial Heart That Beats Like the Real Thing

Why Men Should Masturbate 21 Times A Month According To Science

This Is How Your Brain Works

The CDC Just Had To Issue A Warning Telling People Not To Eat A Part Of Their Own Body

Humans Could Be Vaccinated Against Heroin, After Successful Trials In Monkeys

Researchers Have Developed Colour-Changing Tattoo Ink That Monitors Your Health in Real Time

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